Introduction to Generic Classes and Inheritance

dsofcom 5:34 PM No comments

Consider the following geometric figures:


Square	Rectangle	Trapezoid	Parallelogram

Notice that these are geometric figures with each having four sides. From what we know so far, we can create a base class to prepare it for inheritance. If the class is very general, we can make it a generic one. We can set a data type as an unknown type, anticipating that the dimensions of the figure can be considered as integer or double-precision types. Here is an example:

using System;

public class Quadrilateral
{
        protected T _base;
        protected T _height;
        protected string _name;

        public virtual T Base
        {
            get { return _base; }
            set { _base = value; }
        }

        public virtual T Height
        {
            get { return _height; }
            set { _height = value; }
        }

        public virtual string Name
        {
            get { return _name; }
            set { _name = value; }
        }

        public Quadrilateral(string name = "Quadrilateral")
        {
            _name = name;
        }

        public Quadrilateral(T bs, T height)
        {
            _name = "Quadrilateral";
            _base = bs;
            _height = height;
        }

        public Quadrilateral(string name, T bs, T height)
        {
            _name = name;
            _base = bs;
            _height = height;
        }


        public virtual string Describe()
        {
            return "A quadrilateral is a geometric figure with four sides";
        }

        public virtual void ShowCharacteristics()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Geometric Figure: {0}", Name);
            Console.WriteLine("Description:      {0}", Describe());
            Console.WriteLine("Base:             {0}", Base);
            Console.WriteLine("Height:           {0}", Height);
        }
}

public class Exercise
{
    static int Main()
    {
        // Trapezoid with equal sides
        var Kite = new Quadrilateral("Beach Kite", 18.64, 18.64);
        Kite.ShowCharacteristics();
        Console.WriteLine();

        // Rectangle, in meters
        var BasketballStadium = new Quadrilateral();
        BasketballStadium.Name = "Basketball Stadium";
        BasketballStadium.Base = 15;
        BasketballStadium.Height = 28;
        BasketballStadium.ShowCharacteristics();
        Console.WriteLine();

        return 0;
    }
}

This would produce:

Geometric Figure: Beach Kite
Description:      A quadrilateral is a geometric figure with four sides
Base:             18.64
Height:           18.64

Geometric Figure: Basketball Stadium
Description:      A quadrilateral is a geometric figure with four sides
Base:             15
Height:           28

Press any key to continue . . .

If you have a generic class that can serve as a foundation for another class, you can derive a class from the generic one. To do this, use the formula we apply when deriving a class but follow the name of each class with <>. Inside of the <> operator, enter the same identifier to indicate that the class is a generic type that is based on another generic class. Here is an example:

public class Square : Quadrilateral
{
}

In the body of the new class, you can use the parameter type as you see fit. For example, you can declare some member variables of that type. You can create methods that return the parameter type or you can pass arguments of the parameter type. When implementing the methods of the new class, use the member variables of the parameter and the argument(s) based on the parameter type as you see fit. You can then declare a variable of the class and use it as we done so far for other generic classes. Here is an example:

using System;

public class Quadrilateral
{
        protected T _base;
        protected T _height;
        protected string _name;

        public virtual T Base
        {
            get { return _base; }
            set { _base = value; }
        }

        public virtual T Height
        {
            get { return _height; }
            set { _height = value; }
        }

        public virtual string Name
        {
            get { return _name; }
            set { _name = value; }
        }

        public Quadrilateral(string name = "Quadrilateral")
        {
            _name = name;
        }

        public Quadrilateral(T bs, T height)
        {
            _name = "Quadrilateral";
            _base = bs;
            _height = height;
        }

        public Quadrilateral(string name, T bs, T height)
        {
            _name = name;
            _base = bs;
            _height = height;
        }


        public virtual string Describe()
        {
            return "A quadrilateral is a geometric figure with four sides";
        }

        public virtual void ShowCharacteristics()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Geometric Figure: {0}", Name);
            Console.WriteLine("Description:      {0}", Describe());
            Console.WriteLine("Base:             {0}", Base);
            Console.WriteLine("Height:           {0}", Height);
        }
}

public class Square : Quadrilateral
{
        public Square()
        {
            _name = "Square";
        }
        public Square(string name)
        {
            _name = "Square";
        }
        public Square(T side)
        {
            _name = "Square";
            _base = side;
            _height = side;
        }
        public Square(string name, T side)
        {
            _name = name;
            _base = side;
            _height = side;
        }
        public override string Describe()
        {
            return "A square is a quadrilateral with four equal sides";
        }
        public override void ShowCharacteristics()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Geometric Figure: {0}", Name);
            Console.WriteLine("Description:      {0}", Describe());
            Console.WriteLine("                  {0}", Describe());
            Console.WriteLine("Side:             {0}", Base);
        }
}

public class Exercise
{
    static int Main()
    {
        // Rectangle, in meters
        var plate = new Square();

        plate.Name   = "Plate";
 plate.Base   = 15;
        plate.Height = 28;
 plate.ShowCharacteristics();

        Console.WriteLine();
        return 0;
    }
}

This would produce:

Geometric Figure: Plate
Description:      A quadrilateral is a geometric figure with four sides
                  A square is a quadrilateral with four equal sides
Side:             15

Press any key to continue . . .

Introduction to Generic Classes and Inheritance

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